Authors: Liwei Zhang, Qiong Pan, Yanchun Peng, Sailan Li, Liangwan Chen and Yanjuan Lin
Abstract:
Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the postoperative self-management experiences of patients with
aortic dissection (AD) through qualitative interviews, providing a foundation for the standardized management.....
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Authors: Liwei Zhang, Qiong Pan, Yanchun Peng, Sailan Li, Liangwan Chen and Yanjuan Lin
Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the postoperative self-management experiences of patients with
aortic dissection (AD) through qualitative interviews, providing a foundation for the standardized management of
postoperative home care for these patients.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 patients with AD postoperatively, in the cardiac
surgery department of a tertiary hospital in Fujian Province between March and May 2020. This qualitative study used
phenomenological methods and purposive sampling, with data analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step approach to
extract themes.
Results: Based on the interviews, four primary themes related to postoperative self-management challenges were
identified: limited disease-related knowledge, inadequate disease management behavior, insufficient communication
with healthcare providers, and compromised psychological well-being.
Conclusion: Postoperative self-management among patients with AD presents several challenges. Healthcare
professionals should provide targeted interventions tailored to the specific condition and individual differences of the
patient in self-management. Such interventions are crucial for enhancing the postoperative self-management abilities
of patients with AD, promoting rehabilitation, and enhancing the overall quality of life.
How To Cite this Article
Zhang, L., Pan, Q., Peng, Y. et al. Postoperative self-management experiences among patients with aortic dissection: a phenomenological approach. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 4 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04435-4
Authors: Jimin Qiao, Yihang Shi, Kai Li, Xiaomin Zhu and Zhimei Wang
Abstract:
Aim: This study aims to investigate the effects of combining a multifunctional pulse wave sphygmomanometer
with constant temperature ice on patients with forearm hematoma following coronary intervention.
Authors: Jimin Qiao, Yihang Shi, Kai Li, Xiaomin Zhu and Zhimei Wang
Aim: This study aims to investigate the effects of combining a multifunctional pulse wave sphygmomanometer
with constant temperature ice on patients with forearm hematoma following coronary intervention.
Methods: Patients who developed forearm hematoma after undergoing coronary intervention from March 2021
to March 2023 at our hospital were selected as the study cohort. Using a random number table, they were divided
into two groups the control group and the research group. The control group received cuff compression treatment
using a multifunctional pulse wave sphygmomanometer. The primary endpoint was the effective rate of one compression. Secondary endpoints included body surface temperature, pain, comfort, arm measurements, and swelling
value.
Results: A total of 190 patients were included, with 95 in the control group and 95 in the research group. The
research group showed a significantly higher effective rate of one compression compared to the control group
(87.2% vs. 95.8%, p = 0.035). Additionally, the research group experienced significantly reduced pain (2.0 [2.0,3.0] vs.
1.0 [1.0,2.0], p < 0.001) and improved comfort levels. This approach also effectively reduced body surface temperature
(32.91 ± 0.83℃ vs. 12.09 ± 1.09℃, p < 0.001), arm measurements (274.32 ± 9.56 mm vs. 271.15 ± 8.82 mm, p = 0.019),
and swelling value (12.40 ± 1.95 vs. 11.07 ± 2.13, p < 0.001) after compression.
Conclusions: The combined use of a multifunctional pulse wave sphygmomanometer for cuff compression on forearm hematoma with simultaneous constant temperature ice application demonstrated more benefits. This approach
effectively reduced pain, improved comfort levels, and enhanced compression-based hemostasis and reduction
of swelling.
Trial registration: Ethics No.KY20210604-02-KS-01
How To Cite this Article
Qiao, J., Shi, Y., Li, K. et al. Application of multifunctional pulse wave sphygmomanometer combined with constant temperature ice in patients with forearm hematoma after coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 8 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04432-7
Authors: Yi Yu, Zhi-Chao Li, Guang-Yin Li, Ting Wang and Yi-Gang Li
Abstract:
Background: Systemic light chain amyloidosis is a rare and debilitating disease, especially for which initially presented with digestive tract involvement. Myocardial amyloidosis is highly aggressive with.....
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Authors: Yi Yu, Zhi-Chao Li, Guang-Yin Li, Ting Wang and Yi-Gang Li
Background: Systemic light chain amyloidosis is a rare and debilitating disease, especially for which initially presented with digestive tract involvement. Myocardial amyloidosis is highly aggressive with generally poor prognosis
and often resulted in missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis with routine examination tools. Multimodality imaging play
an important role in diagnosing the amyloidosis effect on multiple organs. Chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay
of treatment.
Case presentation: This article presents a rare case of systemic light chain amyloidosis, initially with gastrointestinal symptoms, in a 68-year-old male. He was hospitalized with diarrhea for one year and a half, dysphagia
for 4 months, but he had no dyspnea. The transthoracic echocardiogram revealed myocardial hypertrophy of the left
ventricle, the hypertrophic heart muscle echoed like "ground glass". The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
detected by Simpson method was 51% and global longitudinal strain (GLS) was -9.00%. But cardiac magnetic
resonance showed the patient without gadolinium delayed enhancement. The urinary protein series quantification
and the serum free light chain levels were all increased. While the ratio of free κ and free λ was decreased. Hence,
the abdominal fat biopsy of the patient was amyloidosis by electronic and immunoelectron microscopy. Organs
involved include heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and nervous system, stage III of mayo 2012 model. The patient
was treated with Dara-BCD chemotherapy. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity, emphasizing the need
for early identification given the grim prognosis associated with systemic AL amyloidosis requiring clinical data,
detailed imaging, and histopathological insights. After discharge, the patient became better and followed up in the
outpatient.
Conclusions: Systemic light chain amyloidosis can easily be missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis in its early stages,
losing the opportunity for initiating earlier treatments to improve potential patient outcomes. Despite advancements in diagnostic biomarkers, this case highlights the potential for missed diagnosis with standard CMR imaging
when gadolinium enhancement is negative. The utility of echocardiographic features such as reduced GLS and abnormal ECG findings emerges as critical in early identification of myocardial amyloidosis. The correct diagnosis of this case
relied on the comprehensive utilization of multimodal imaging techniques including biopsy.
How To Cite this Article
Yu, Y., Li, ZC., Li, GY. et al. Multimodality imaging features of systemic amyloidosis: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04441-6
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on the cardiopulmonary function and
prognosis in post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients with ST elevation myocardial.....
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Purpose: To evaluate the impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on the cardiopulmonary function and
prognosis in post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in
extremely cold regions of China.
Methods: This retrospective study included 2,162 patients diagnosed with STEMI who were treated at five medical
centers in extremely cold regions of China, between January 2020 and December 2023. All included patients
underwent emergency coronary angiography and PCI. Based on whether they received exercise-based CR,
patients were divided into a CR group and a non-CR group. To adjust for variations in initial risk factors and baseline
characteristics between patients who underwent CR or not, we employed the propensity score matching. Each
patient was matched in a 1:1 ratio with replacement. Patients who either participated in CR or did not, but could not
be adequately matched, were excluded from the study population. Patient information between the two groups was
systematically compared in hospital and at follow-up.
Results: The rate of heart failure, re-hospitalization, and ventricular arrhythmia in CR group was significantly lower
than that in non-CR group. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by echocardiography in CR group
were significantly higher than those in non-CR group. The cardiopulmonary test indicators for patients in CR group
showed significant improvement over one year, including Power, HR, VCO₂, VO₂, VE, VD/VT, PetCO₂, CHO, CO, and SV, all with statistical significance. Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that CR was independently associated with
heart failure in follow up.
Conclusion: Exercise-based CR effectively improves the recovery of cardiac function and prognosis in post-PCI
patients with STEMI in extremely cold regions of China.
How To Cite this Article
Hou, S., Liu, L., Yao, J. et al. Impact of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on cardiopulmonary function and prognosis in ST elevation myocardial infarction after PCI patients in extremely cold regions. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 84 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04521-1
Authors: Chenzan Guo, Hebin Zhang, Cunxin Yang, Peipei Hu, Hui Ma, Ying Ma and Feng Gao
Abstract:
Background: Long-term endurance training is associated with structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes. Many studies have focused on structural changes.....
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Authors: Chenzan Guo, Hebin Zhang, Cunxin Yang, Peipei Hu, Hui Ma, Ying Ma and Feng Gao
Background: Long-term endurance training is associated with structural, functional, and biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in highly trained athletes. Many studies have focused on structural changes in the right ventricle (RV)
and few have examined functional adaptation of the right ventricle. This meta-analysis aims to compare the changes
in right ventricular systolic function between endurance athletes and controls before and after exercise using speckle
tracking echocardiography (STE).
Methods: A comprehensive search of relevant studies published before March 19, 2024 that examined RV systolic
function using speckle tracking technology was conducted. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence
intervals (CIs) were used as pooled statistics. Meta regression was employed to identify sources of heterogeneity
and publication bias was evaluated by Egger’s test and funnel plots. Sensitivity analysis was performed by removing
sources of significant change from the results of a single publication to evaluate the stability of the results.
Results: Twenty studies were included with 1186 participants. A fixed effect meta-analysis revealed RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) WMD = 0.40, 95% CI (-0.08 ~ 0.89), p = 0.102 and free wall longitudinal strain (FWLS) WMD = 0.62,
95% CI (0.28 ~ 0.96), p < 0.001, random effect models of RV basal strain WMD = 2.94, 95% CI (2.00 ~ 3.88), p < 0.001
and RV apical strain WMD = -0.79, 95% CI (-1.95, 0.37), p = 0.245 between endurance athletes and controls. In addition,
a random-effects meta-analysis revealed significant impairments in RV function when assessed by comparing RV GLS
pre-endurance versus post endurance exercise WMD = 2.51, 95% CI (1.634 ~ 3.40), p < 0. 001.
Conclusion: The evidence obtained thus far suggests that reporting only global right ventricular strain data may
obscure segment-specific adaptation changes, and the use of global and segmental strain analysis may help to identify potential functional changes in the right ventricle while differentiating between normal endurance athletes
and non-active controls.
How To Cite this Article
Guo, C., Zhang, H., Yang, C. et al. Right ventricular function in athletes engaged in endurance exercise using speckle tracking echocardiography: a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 6 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04455-0
Authors: Yan-Mei Zhao, Jun-Ting Luo, Kai-Fang Pang, Ying Feng, Jian-Ping Tan, Ming Liu and Zhi-Hai Lin
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) combined with cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients
with heart failure (HF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Authors: Yan-Mei Zhao, Jun-Ting Luo, Kai-Fang Pang, Ying Feng, Jian-Ping Tan, Ming Liu and Zhi-Hai Lin
Objective: To investigate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan (ARNI) combined with cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients
with heart failure (HF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: A total of 118 patients with HF after AMI were screened and randomly divided into an experimental group
and a control group. The control group was given ARNI. The experimental group received CR treatment in addition
to the control treatment. The primary endpoint was cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by the cardiopulmonary
exercise test (CPET). The secondary endpoints included cardiac remodeling detected by NT-ProBNP and cardiac
ultrasound. All participants were assessed by CPET, NT-ProBNP, and cardiac ultrasound at baseline and after treatment.
Results: After treatment, the changes in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), anaerobic threshold (AT), oxygen
uptake peak (VO2 peak), and metabolic equivalents (METs) in the experimental group were significantly greater than
those in the control group (all P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in BNP, Left atrial diameter (LA) or
Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVD) between the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusions Patients with HF after AMI could benefit from combined ARNI and CR.
Authors: Richard Soto-Becerra, Pio D. Zelaya-Castro, José C. Navarro-Lévano, Teófilo J. Fuentes Rivera Salcedo, Mario Cabrera-Saldaña, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Daniel Fernandez-Guzman
Abstract:
Aim: To assess the cost-utility of ablation guided by three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping (3DEAM) with
antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy in the management of patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVA).....
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Authors: Richard Soto-Becerra, Pio D. Zelaya-Castro, José C. Navarro-Lévano, Teófilo J. Fuentes Rivera Salcedo, Mario Cabrera-Saldaña, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Daniel Fernandez-Guzman
Aim: To assess the cost-utility of ablation guided by three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping (3DEAM) with
antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy in the management of patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVA) at a
highly specialized cardiovascular center in Peru.
Methods: A cost-utility economic evaluation was conducted in a public institution involving patients diagnosed with
IVAs between 2017 and 2022. The analysis included projections adjusted according to life expectancy. Cost analysis
was performed from the payer’s perspective (public health insurance) using the macro-cost estimation methodology
and applying a 9.6% discount rate. Utility values were derived from the SF-36 questionnaire, facilitating the calculation
of average quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for each group. Cost-utility analysis was executed by determining
the Average Cost-Utility Ratio (ACUR) and the Incremental Cost-Utility Ratio (ICUR) against the cost-effectiveness
threshold set for Peru.
Results: The study included 52 patients with IVAs, with 34 undergoing 3DEAM ablation and 18 receiving AAD therapy.
The recurrence rate (14.7% vs. 50%, p = 0.010) and complication/adverse event rate (0% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.011) were
lower in the 3DEAM ablation group. Over a four-year time horizon, 3DEAM ablation resulted in higher average costs
($7,234.81 vs. $2,136.51), average QALYs (3.30 vs. 2.98), and ACUR ($2,187.26 vs. $716.31) compared to AAD therapy.
The calculated ICUR was $15,684.78, which was below the cost-effectiveness threshold for Peru. Extending the
analysis to align with life expectancy projections showed that average QALYs were significantly higher in the 3DEAM
group (34.25 vs. 14.83) and with a lower ACUR ($230.94 vs. $646.01) and more favorable economic outcomes.
Conclusion: The 3DEAM ablation strategy can be considered cost-utility intervention for treating IVAs in our region.
These results are in line with published data on cost-effectiveness of 3DEAM ablations of IVA in developed countries.
How To Cite this Article
Soto-Becerra, R., Zelaya-Castro, P.D., Navarro-Lévano, J.C. et al. Ablation by three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping versus anti-arrhythmic drug therapy: a cost-utility analysis in the treatment of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 243 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04683-y
Authors: Richard Soto-Becerra, Pio D. Zelaya-Castro, José C. Navarro-Lévano, Teófilo J. Fuentes Rivera Salcedo, Mario Cabrera-Saldaña, Diego Chambergo-Michilot, Daniel Fernandez-Guzman
Account Details mentioned below: For Electronic Fund Transfer: (NEFT/RTGS)
Authors: Hoang Hai Nguyen, Ngan Thi Thanh Trinh, Minh-Hoang Tran and Hong Tham Pham
Abstract:
Background: Masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) is associated with an increasing risk of morbidity and
mortality. Current literature on MUCH lacks data on patients with end-stage.....
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Authors: Hoang Hai Nguyen, Ngan Thi Thanh Trinh, Minh-Hoang Tran and Hong Tham Pham
Background: Masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) is associated with an increasing risk of morbidity and
mortality. Current literature on MUCH lacks data on patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on hemodialysis
(HD). We aimed to investigate the prevalence, ambulatory blood pressure (BP) characteristics, and risk factors of
MUCH in this population in a low-middle-income Asian country.
Methods: We conducted a simple random-sampling, cross-sectional study on patients with hypertension and
ESKD on HD. The outcome was MUCH, which was confirmed if the participants, who were on 24-hour ambulatory
BP monitoring, had at least 1 of the following criteria: (1) daytime mean ambulatory BP ≥ 135 mmHg (systolic) and/
or ≥ 85 mmHg (diastolic); (2) night-time mean ambulatory BP ≥ 120 mmHg (systolic) and/or ≥ 70 mmHg (diastolic);
or (3) 24-hour mean ambulatory BP ≥ 130 mmHg (systolic) and/or ≥ 80 mmHg (diastolic). Data were presented using
descriptive statistics. We used logistic regression to explore the risk factors for MUCH, and the results were reported
with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
Results: Among 104 participants included for analysis (median age 54.5, 48.1% being female), MUCH was reported
on 85 of them (prevalence of 81.7%, 95% CI 73.2–88.0%.). Non-dipping status of BP were found in 98.1% of the
participants, with non-dippers dominating the normotension group (prevalence of 57.9%, 95% CI 36.3–76.9%) and
reverse dippers dominating the MUCH group (prevalence of 65.9%, 95% CI 55.3–75.1%). We also identified some
factors that were associated with a higher risk of MUCH, i.e., being current smoker (adjusted OR = 3.49, 95% CI 1.07
to 11.40), undergoing HD for > 48 months (adjusted OR = 5.69, 95% CI 1.48 to 21.81), taking > 3 antihypertensive
medications (adjusted OR = 3.64, 95% CI 1.11 to 11.92), and requiring α2-adrenergic receptor agonists for BP control
(adjusted OR = 6.31, 95% CI 1.12 to 35.62).
Conclusion: The prevalences of MUCH and non-dipping of BP (non-dipper and reverse dipper) were very high in
patients with ESKD who were undergoing HD for a median duration of 6 years without ambulatory BP monitoring. To
avoid extra cost and inconvenience, risk factors should be initially screened for MUCH before monitoring out-of-office
BP for a confirmed diagnosis
How To Cite this Article
Nguyen, H.H., Trinh, N.T.T., Tran, MH. et al. Masked uncontrolled hypertension in patients with end-stage kidney disease on in-center hemodialysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 245 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04679-8
Authors: Babak Geraiely, Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Mohammad Javad Zare Nejad, Alireza Barzegary, Farnoosh Larti, Ahmad Vakili-Basir and Ali Mohammad Haji Zeinali
Abstract:
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of symptoms, including insulin resistance, high blood sugar,
and abdominal obesity, that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This.....
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Authors: Babak Geraiely, Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Mohammad Javad Zare Nejad, Alireza Barzegary, Farnoosh Larti, Ahmad Vakili-Basir and Ali Mohammad Haji Zeinali
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of symptoms, including insulin resistance, high blood sugar,
and abdominal obesity, that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This syndrome is prevalent in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), comprising patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study evaluated the prognosis
of AMI patients who underwent primary PCI in two groups with and without MetS.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed on ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients
referred to the emergency department of Tehran Heart Center from 2012 to 2020 who underwent primary PCI.
Patients were divided into MetS and non-MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were compared between the two groups.
Results: Two thousand, six hundred fifty-one patients were included, and 1850 patients (70%) had MetS. The
mean age of patients with MetS compared to non-MetS showed no significant difference (60.16 vs 59.37 years,
P-value = 0.053). In both groups, the majority were men. Forty-seven in-hospital deaths occurred, with no significant
difference regarding the presence of MetS. Two hundred-six deaths happened during the one-year follow-up, without a significant difference between the two groups. Two hundred-sixteen MACEs were observed in one year, which
was not significantly different between patients with and without MetS.
Conclusion: In-hospital mortality, one-year death, and one-year MACCE were not associated with MetS in this study.
How To Cite this Article
Geraiely, B., Shahmohamadi, E., Zare Nejad, M. et al. Impact of metabolic syndrome on clinical characteristics and one-year outcomes of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a propensity score-matched comparison. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 240 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04684-x
Authors: Babak Geraiely, Elnaz Shahmohamadi, Mohammad Javad Zare Nejad, Alireza Barzegary, Farnoosh Larti, Ahmad Vakili-Basir and Ali Mohammad Haji Zeinali
Account Details mentioned below: For Electronic Fund Transfer: (NEFT/RTGS)
Authors: Jingwen Lin, Xueqiong Cao, Wu Fu, Liu Yang, Wanxian Zeng, Na Li, Maobai Liu and Hongfu Cai
Abstract:
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern and an independent risk factor for
cardiovascular disease. Despite optimal treatments, mortality remains high among CKD patients......
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Authors: Jingwen Lin, Xueqiong Cao, Wu Fu, Liu Yang, Wanxian Zeng, Na Li, Maobai Liu and Hongfu Cai
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern and an independent risk factor for
cardiovascular disease. Despite optimal treatments, mortality remains high among CKD patients. This meta-analysis
aimed to assess the balance between the cardiovascular benefits and the bleeding risks associated with the use of
low-dose aspirin in patients with CKD stages 3–5.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the use of low-dose aspirin for cardiovascular primary
prevention for patients with CKD were searched in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The Cochrane
Collaboration RoB 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias of RCTs. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE),
including cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke, along with other related
outcomes, was calculated using a random-effects model to determine hazard ratios and relative risks (RRs). A
subgroup analysis was stratified by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels to assess the differential effects of
the treatment on patients with varying degrees of kidney function impairment.
Results: Five long-term RCTs were identified through systematic searches. Among them, 2 were at low risk, 2 had
bias concerns, and 1 was at high risk. Aspirin significantly reduced the risk of MACE (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62–0.94),
cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43–0.85) and all-cause mortality (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63–0.96) in patients
with CKD stages 3–5 compared to those not taking aspirin. When eGFR < 45 mL/min per 1.73 m2, the use of aspirin
was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of myocardial infarction (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23–0.96) and
cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92). However, aspirin increased the risk of major bleeding in patients
with CKD stages 3–5 compared to those not taking aspirin (RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.12, 2.02).
Conclusions: Low-dose aspirin provided significant benefits in preventing MACE, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in patients with CKD stages 3–5, particularly in preventing myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular
mortality in those with an eGFR < 45 mL/min per 1.73 m2. However, the risk of major bleeding tended to increase
How To Cite this Article
Lin, J., Cao, X., Fu, W. et al. Effect of low-dose aspirin on reducing cardiovascular events and mortality in individuals with CKD stages 3–5: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 242 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-04354-4
Authors: Steve R. Noumegni, Arnaud D. Kaze, Gregg C. Fonarow and Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui
Abstract:
Aims: This short communication aims to assess the associations of body mass index (BMI) with key functional
parameters, including exercise tolerance and functional status, among individuals.....
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Authors: Steve R. Noumegni, Arnaud D. Kaze, Gregg C. Fonarow and Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui
Aims: This short communication aims to assess the associations of body mass index (BMI) with key functional
parameters, including exercise tolerance and functional status, among individuals with chronic heart failure.
Methods and results: From four chronic heart failure studies ( HF-ACTION [Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial
Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training], NEAT-HFpEF [Nitrate’s Effect on Activity Tolerance in Heart Failure With
Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)], INDIE-HFpEF [Inorganic Nitrite Delivery to Improve Exercise Capacity in HFpEF],
and RELAX-HFpEF [Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibition to Improve Clinical Status and Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure
with Preserved Ejection Fraction]), we studied 2,546 participants (mean age: 60.2 ± 12.8 years, 67.8% men, 43.7% non-Whites individuals, 83% with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 17% with heart failure with preserved
ejection fraction [HFpEF]). Among them, 52.8% had obesity [n = 1344], 29.8% were overweight [n = 758], and 17.4%
had a normal body mass index [n = 444]). One-unit increment in BMI (kg/m2) was associated with a lower 6MWT-D
(β: -2.78, 95% CI: -3.54, -2.02), a lower VO2max (β: -0.18, 95% CI: -0.21, -0.15), a lower VO2AT (β: -0.10, 95% CI: -0.12, -0.08), a lower RERpeak (β: -0.003, 95% CI: -0.004, -0.002), a lower QoL (β for ln [KCCQ score]: -0.005, 95% CI: -0.008, -0.002), but not with HRpeak (β: β: -0.04, 95% CI: -0.20, 0.11). After adjustment for confounders, individuals with obesity
(BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) compared to those with a normal BMI had lower 6MWT-D (beta coefficient [β]: -21.02, 95% CI: -34.27, -7.77), VO2max (β: -1.90, 95% CI: -2.42, -1.38), VO2AT (β: -1.16, 95% CI: -1.53, -0.80), RERpeak (β: -0.03, 95% CI: -0.05, -0.02), and QoL (β for ln [KCCQ score]: -0.05, 95% CI: -0.10, -0.0006) levels. However, the obesity and normal BMI groups
were not significantly different in terms of HRpeak (β: 1.07, 95% CI: -1.71, 3.85).
Conclusions: Our study found that in patients with chronic heart failure, increasing body mass index is associated
with poor exercise capacity and functional status. Our findings underscore the potential importance of optimizing
weight management among individuals with chronic heart failure to improve functional status.
How To Cite this Article
Noumegni, S.R., Kaze, A.D., Fonarow, G.C. et al. Body mass index, exercise capacity and functional status in chronic heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 524 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04998-w
Authors: Ruofan Liu, Yuntao Li, Bin Li, Shen Liu, Minghui Tong and Qiong Ma
Abstract:
Background: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator with therapeutic benefits for pulmonary
hypertension patients. Traditional cylinder-based iNO delivery systems are costly and complex,.....
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Authors: Ruofan Liu, Yuntao Li, Bin Li, Shen Liu, Minghui Tong and Qiong Ma
Background: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator with therapeutic benefits for pulmonary
hypertension patients. Traditional cylinder-based iNO delivery systems are costly and complex, creating unmet
medical needs. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel electrochemical nitric oxide generator (ENG) for
administering iNO to adult patients with congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHD-PAH) in China following cardiac surgery.
Methods: Twenty patients with CHD-PAH, undergoing cardiac surgery, were enrolled. Two hours post-surgery,
when systemic circulation was stable, iNO was delivered via the ENG at 20 ppm. Clinical data were recorded, and
iNO therapy was discontinued upon extubation. Safety, gas exchange, and hemodynamic parameters were analyzed
before and at 2, 4, and 6 h post-treatment.
Results: All patients received iNO treatment successfully and were discharged. The NO concentration remained
stable, unaffected by ventilator settings, and NO2 levels stayed within a safe range. iNO did not impact systemic
blood pressure (P > 0.05). No pulmonary hypertension crises or new complications occurred. INO was associated with
reductions in systolic pulmonary artery pressure at 2, 4, and 6 h (P = 0.0053, P = 0.0218, P = 0.0002). In the hypoxemic
subgroup demonstrated significant improvements in both oxygenation and ventilation parameters following iNO
therapy, with PaO2/FiO2 increasing and PaCO2 decreasing (P<0.05) at 6 h.
Conclusion: The ENG provided stable NO delivery, ensuring safety and efficacy in postoperative adult CHD-PAH
patients. It was associated with improvements of hemodynamics and gas exchange without systemic side effects,
offering a compact, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to traditional iNO delivery systems.
This research was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry at http://www.chictr.org.cn, under the registration
number ChiCTR2400091214. The submission occurred on March 25, 2024, and the registration was made publicly
available on October 23, 2024
How To Cite this Article
Liu, R., Li, Y., Li, B. et al. Innovative nitric oxide delivery technology for postoperative pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease patients: a clinical trial. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 25, 522 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04967-3
Authors: Abdelrahman Ahmed Abdelrahman, Mahmoud Baraka, Nabil Farag, Ahmed E. Mostafa and Diaa Kamal
Abstract:
Background: Renal impairment is a recognized complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI),
impacting morbidity and mortality. Understanding its incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications is essential.....
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Authors: Abdelrahman Ahmed Abdelrahman, Mahmoud Baraka, Nabil Farag, Ahmed E. Mostafa and Diaa Kamal
Background: Renal impairment is a recognized complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI),
impacting morbidity and mortality. Understanding its incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications is essential to
optimizing patient outcomes.
Purpose: To determine the incidence, predictors, and prognostic significance of renal impairment in patients
undergoing TAVI.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 147 patients, with 144 completing the
study. Patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (aortic valve area (AVA) < 1 cm²) were included. Clinical,
echocardiographic, and procedural parameters were analyzed to identify predictors of post-TAVI renal impairment,
defined per Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 AKIN criteria.
Results: Renal impairment occurred in 13.9% of patients post-TAVI. Compared to those without impairment, affected
patients more frequently underwent ad-hoc revascularization (90% vs. 21.3%, P < 0.001), received higher contrast
volume (median 200 mL vs. 130 mL, P < 0.001), and had longer procedures (82.5 ± 29 vs. 60.9 ± 28.3 min, P = 0.002).
They also exhibited lower post-procedural ejection fraction (EF) (47.4% ± 9.7% vs. 59.8% ± 9.7%, P < 0.001) and higher
incidence of regional wall motion abnormalities (60% vs. 12.3%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified ad-hoc
revascularization (OR = 448.7, 95% CI: 17.09–11778.5, P < 0.001), lower EF (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79–0.97, P = 0.009), and
contrast volume (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–1.00, P = 0.045) as independent predictors.
Conclusions: Renal impairment post-TAVI is multifactorial, with contrast volume, ad hoc revascularization, and
reduced EF as key independent predictors. Minimizing contrast use and optimizing procedural strategies may
mitigate renal risk and improve patient outcomes.
How To Cite this Article
Abdelrahman, A.A., Baraka, M., Farag, N. et al. Renal impairment in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: incidence, predictors, and prognostic significance. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 520 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04982-4
Authors: Linlin Wang, Shuang Xie, Aoxue Mei, Ying Fu, Xinchen Wang, Ge Song, Lixian Sun and Ying Zhang
Abstract:
Purpose: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Albumin and globulin are the
main components of serum proteins. The albumin-to-globulin ratio.....
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Authors: Linlin Wang, Shuang Xie, Aoxue Mei, Ying Fu, Xinchen Wang, Ge Song, Lixian Sun and Ying Zhang
Purpose: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Albumin and globulin are the
main components of serum proteins. The albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) is often used to assess nutritional status.
However, the clinical significance of the AGR in predicting the prognosis of patients with ACS remains unclear.
Patients and methods: A total of 1408 patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
(PCI) were consecutively enrolled between January 2016 and December 2018 at The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde
Medical University. The follow-up endpoints were defined as cardiac death or recurrent acute myocardial infarction.
Results: A total of 1363 patients responded in the follow-up period, of whom 49 had MACEs. AGR was significantly
different between the MACEs and non-MACE groups. The area under the curve for the AGR was 0.619 (P = 0.004,
95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.542–0.697). The optimal cut-off value for the AGR was determined to be 1.350 using
Youden’s index. The cumulative survival rate of the low AGR group was significantly lower than that of the high AGR
group, according to the Kaplan–Meier curve (log-rank P = 0.008). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed
age ≥ 60 years, HR:2.689 (95%CI:1.288–5.615, P = 0.008), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, HR: 3.527, (95%CI:
1.357–9.164, P = 0.010), and AGR < 1.350, HR: 2.180, (95%CI: 1.078–4.407, P = 0.030) were all independent risk factors. A
restricted cubic spline showed that a decreasing AGR was correlated with increasing risk of MACEs.
Conclusion: AGR < 1.350 is an independent prognostic risk factor for patients with ACS undergoing PCI and may be a
valuable clinical marker for identifying high-risk patients.
How To Cite this Article
Wang, L., Xie, S., Mei, A. et al. Albumin-to-Globulin ratio as an independent risk factor for predicting prognostic risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 525 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04983-3
Authors: Chau Minh Truong, Nguyen Hoang Nguyen Do, Hoa Ngoc Chau and Truc Thanh Thai
Abstract:
Background: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is an emerging prognostic biomarker for acute heart failure (AHF).
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of CA125.....
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Authors: Chau Minh Truong, Nguyen Hoang Nguyen Do, Hoa Ngoc Chau and Truc Thanh Thai
Background: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is an emerging prognostic biomarker for acute heart failure (AHF).
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of CA125 in combination with N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic
peptide (NT-proBNP) for predicting cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and a composite outcome of all-cause mortality or rehospitalization due to heart failure in patients with AHF.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 316 patients with AHF. Both CA125 and NT-proBNP levels
were measured at the time of first admission. Mortality and rehospitalization due to heart failure were recorded over a
12-month follow-up period.
Results: During the follow-up period, 38 patients (12.0%) died from cardiovascular disease, 81 patients (25.6%) died
from any cause, and 145 patients (45.9%) experienced either all-cause mortality or rehospitalization due to heart
failure. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, the combination of high CA125 and high NT-proBNP levels was
associated with increased risks of cardiovascular mortality (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] = 11.77, 95% Confidence
Interval [CI]: 3.73–37.09, p < 0.001), all-cause mortality (aHR = 4.53, 95% CI: 1.99–10.28, p < 0.001), and the composite
outcome (aHR = 6.02, 95% CI: 2.75–13.24, p < 0.001). The addition of CA125 significantly improved prognostic
performance when combined with NT-proBNP.
Conclusions: Both CA125 and NT-proBNP are significant prognostic biomarkers in patients with AHF. The
combination of CA125 and NT-proBNP significantly enhances the prediction of cardiovascular mortality, all-cause
mortality and the composite outcome of all-cause mortality or rehospitalization due to heart failure in patients with
AHF.
How To Cite this Article
Truong, C.M., Do, N.H.N., Chau, H.N. et al. Prognostic value of carbohydrate antigen 125 combined with N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with acute heart failure: a prospective cohort study in Vietnam. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 523 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04994-0
Authors: Thanh Hoa Tran, Quoc Thang Le, Thao My Doan Ai and Sinh Hien Nguyen
Abstract:
Fulminant autoimmune myocarditis is a rare but life-threatening condition that can present as the initial
manifestation of an underlying autoimmune disease. Early recognition and prompt initiation.....
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Authors: Thanh Hoa Tran, Quoc Thang Le, Thao My Doan Ai and Sinh Hien Nguyen
Fulminant autoimmune myocarditis is a rare but life-threatening condition that can present as the initial
manifestation of an underlying autoimmune disease. Early recognition and prompt initiation of mechanical
circulatory support and immunosuppressive therapy are critical for survival. We report the case of a previously
healthy young woman who presented with acute cardiogenic shock following a syncopal episode and rapidly
progressive dyspnea. Initial investigations ruled out ischemic, infectious, and toxicologic causes. Coronary
angiography revealed normal coronary arteries. She developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias and severe
left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 10–15%), requiring urgent Veno arterial extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support. Immunologic testing revealed a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) by ELISA
(> 400 AU/mL), strongly positive anti-SSA (Ro) antibodies, and borderline anti-SSB antibodies, raising suspicion
for Sjogren syndrome–associated myocarditis. High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy was initiated,
leading to rapid clinical improvement, with successful ECMO weaning after four days. Follow-up echocardiography
showed normalization of left ventricular function. Cardiac MRI confirmed myocarditis according to the updated
Lake Louise criteria. At one-year follow-up, the patient demonstrated full cardiac recovery and was diagnosed
with Sjogren’s syndrome. This case highlights the importance of early recognition, aggressive immunosuppression,
and mechanical circulatory support in fulminant autoimmune myocarditis. It also underscores the value of long-term follow-up for confirming underlying systemic autoimmune diseases, which may initially present with isolated
cardiac involvement. Comprehensive autoimmune evaluation should be considered in young patients with
unexplained fulminant myocarditis, especially females, to enable timely diagnosis and tailored immunosuppressive
therapy.
How To Cite this Article
Tran, T.H., Le, Q.T., Doan Ai, T.M. et al. Sjögren’s syndrome–associated fulminant myocarditis presenting as cardiogenic shock requiring VA-ECMO: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 770 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-05106-8
Authors: Levent Ceylan, Mehmet Rum, Mehmet Yilmaz, Tamer Kehlibar and Halil Emre Özlü
Abstract:
Aim: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) is a rare condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome and
can lead to serious complications. This study evaluates SCAD.....
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Authors: Levent Ceylan, Mehmet Rum, Mehmet Yilmaz, Tamer Kehlibar and Halil Emre Özlü
Aim: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) is a rare condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome and
can lead to serious complications. This study evaluates SCAD characteristics, Major Adverse Cardiac Event (MACE)
predictors, revascularization needs, and treatment outcomes.
Materials and methods: The single cardiac center, retrospective cohort study analyzed patients diagnosed with
coronary artery dissection during coronary angiography between January 2014 and December 2019.
Results: Of 86 patients, 24(27.9%) experienced early MACE. Diffuse dissections (62.5% vs. 37.5%, p = 0.027) and
ostium-involving dissections (33.3% vs. 8.1%, p = 0.006) were more frequent in the MACE group. Female patients
(58.3% vs. 21.0%, p = 0.001) and those with lower pre-procedural ejection fraction (EF) (44.1 ± 13.5 vs. 55.0 ± 8.8,
p = 0.004) or higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (5.59 ± 3.67 vs. 3.60 ± 2.46, p = 0.005) had a higher risk.
Ostium-involving dissections (OR(Odds Ratio) = 9.41, p = 0.024) and low EF (OR = 0.931, p = 0.040) were independent
predictors of MACE. Initial medical treatment is associated with higher unplanned revascularization compared to
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (p = 0.030). Coronary tortuosity
(p = 0.006) and spot lesions (p = 0.005) were associated with late revascularization.
Conclusion: High early MACE after SCAD is associated with female gender, high NLR, and low EF. Diffuse and ostium-involving dissections significantly increase the risk of MACE. Initial treatment has been shown to influence early
revascularization. while coronary features like tortuosity predict long-term outcomes.
Clinical Trial Number: Not applicable.
How To Cite this Article
Ceylan, L., Rum, M., Yilmaz, M. et al. Unplanned revascularization and major adverse cardiac events in spontaneous coronary artery disease patients: insights from a cardiac center. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 769 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04789-3
Authors: Yuanfang Jia, Junwei Zhang, Lei Zhang and Aijie Liu
Abstract:
Background: Several studies have indicated that several million cardiac surgeries are performed worldwide each
year. Recognized for reflecting insulin resistance, the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI).....
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Authors: Yuanfang Jia, Junwei Zhang, Lei Zhang and Aijie Liu
Background: Several studies have indicated that several million cardiac surgeries are performed worldwide each
year. Recognized for reflecting insulin resistance, the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) index has been
demonstrated a strong association with the incidence of cardiovascular events. Although the TyG-BMI index has been
extensively investigated in the context of metabolic disorders, its prognostic value in patients undergoing cardiac
surgery remains insufficiently defined. The study investigated whether TyG-BMI at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission
predicts all-cause mortality in critically ill post–cardiac surgery patients.
Method: Patient records of individuals who had undergone cardiac surgery were obtained from the Medical
Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, a comprehensive source of critical care data. Based on
their TyG-BMI values, patients were stratified into four distinct categories. This study focused on all-cause mortality
at 30 and 365 days as the main outcomes, while 90- and 180-day mortality were treated as secondary measures.
To assess differences in clinical outcomes, subjects were grouped into TyG-BMI quartiles, and corresponding
Kaplan–Meier(KM) curves were constructed. Additionally, the relationship between the TyG-BMI index and the study
outcomes was assessed using Cox proportional-hazards regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS).
Results: The study cohort comprised 2,624 critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, with a mean age of
66.54 ± 11.28 years; males accounted for 73.17% (n = 1,920). Stratification of patients into TyG-BMI quartiles revealed
marked differences in all-cause mortality at 30-, 90-, 180-, and 365-day follow-up intervals. Interestingly, as the TyG-BMI index increased, survival rates at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days did not follow a consistently upward trend, but rather
showed an initial improvement followed by a gradual decline. However, following the decline, the survival rate was similar to that observed in patients exhibiting the lowest range of TyG-BMI. A nonlinear U-shaped relationship was
observed linking TyG-BMI levels with mortality over the 30- to 365-day period, as shown by spline-based modeling.
The inflection points for these relationships were 235.7, 238.25, 238.2, and 238.25, respectively. The results from the
Cox regression analysis matched up with what we found using the RCS analysis.
Conclusion: In critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, the TyG-BMI index exhibited a U-shaped association
with all-cause mortality at 30, 90, 180, and 365 days. The TyG-BMI index could be a useful tool for evaluating and
managing patients in the ICU following cardiac surgery.
How To Cite this Article
Huang, Y., Li, Z. & Yin, X. The association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and mortality in intensive care unit patients: a propensity score matching analysis. Eur J Med Res 30, 829 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03128-8
Authors: Shichu Liang, Zhiyue Liu, Fanfan Shi, Liping Chen, Dayan Li, Ying Peng, Wenfeng He, Chaohui Du1 and He Huang
Abstract:
Background: Echocardiography is the principal non-invasive imaging modality for screening cardiac amyloidosis
(CA). This study aimed to establish a cohort of CA-associated left ventricular hypertrophy (CA-LVH).....
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Authors: Shichu Liang, Zhiyue Liu, Fanfan Shi, Liping Chen, Dayan Li, Ying Peng, Wenfeng He, Chaohui Du1 and He Huang
Background: Echocardiography is the principal non-invasive imaging modality for screening cardiac amyloidosis
(CA). This study aimed to establish a cohort of CA-associated left ventricular hypertrophy (CA-LVH) within a
hospital-based population and to develop an echocardiographic identification model for CA using readily available
echocardiographic parameters.
Methods: This retrospective nested cohort study involved the collection of clinical and echocardiographic data
from three hospitals affiliated with the West China Medical Center, Sichuan University, between January 1, 2008,
and December 31, 2023. The relative wall thickness (RWT) was calculated as twice the left ventricular posterior wall
thickness (LVPW) divided by the left ventricular internal diameter (LVID). Asymmetric hypertrophy was defined as a
ratio of interventricular septal thickness (IVS) to LVPW greater than 1.3. The AMYLI score was computed as the product
of RWT and E/e’ ratio.
Results: A total of 185 CA patients (183 AL-CA and 2 ATTR-CA) who underwent 309 echocardiography examinations
from different time periods with 1,213 echocardiographic data points from in-hospital non-CA-LVH cases matched
for age, gender, and body surface area were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified a history of
hypertension [odds ratio (OR): 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.021–0.073], LVID [OR: 0.927, 95%CI: 0.878–0.977],
left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [OR: 0.95, 95%CI: 0.908–0.993], AMYLI score [OR: 1.088, 95%CI: 1.024–1.161],
asymmetric hypertrophy [OR: 3.729, 95%CI: 1.884–7.441], granular sparkling [OR: 3.111, 95%CI: 1.355–7.431], small
pericardial effusion [OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.563–4.937], mild aortic regurgitation [OR: 2.353, 95%CI: 1.278–4.361], mild
mitral regurgitation [OR: 4.331, 95%CI: 2.347–8.141], and mild tricuspid regurgitation [OR: 3.837, 95%CI: 2.026–7.358]
as independent predictive factors for CA in LVH patients. The predictive factors were used to construct a nomogram model, which demonstrated high accuracy (0.91–0.92), specificity (0.91–0.92), sensitivity (0.90–0.91), positive
predictive value (0.73), negative predictive value (0.93–0.98), and Youden index (0.81–0.83).
Conclusion: The developed nomogram displayed remarkable predictive accuracy, which has the potential to
enhance CA screening via routine echocardiography and strategically guide subsequent diagnostic evaluations.
How To Cite this Article
Liang, S., Liu, Z., Shi, F. et al. Development and validation of an echocardiographic nomogram for identifying cardiac amyloidosis in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 767 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04973-5
Authors: Yan Xue, Menghuan Song, Carolina Oi Lam Ung and Hao Hu
Abstract:
Background: Obesity is a disease with high heterogeneity. Both overall obesity and central obesity are associated
with increased risks of having cardio-metabolic co-morbidities. This study.....
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Authors: Yan Xue, Menghuan Song, Carolina Oi Lam Ung and Hao Hu
Background: Obesity is a disease with high heterogeneity. Both overall obesity and central obesity are associated
with increased risks of having cardio-metabolic co-morbidities. This study is aimed to examine the cardio-metabolic
characteristics and comorbidity profile of the middle-aged and elderly Chinese with general and central obesity by
clustering them into different subgroups, which would lead to a deepened understanding of their distinct medical
needs.
Methods: Adopting an unsupervised machine learning approach, we conducted a clustering analysis of the adiposity
and cardio-metabolic profiles of the middle-aged and elderly Chinese with general obesity and central obesity. The
data was obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The subgroup features were
examined. The risks of having obesity-related co-morbidities (i.e. hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, heart problem,
stroke) in each cluster were then compared.
Results: Among the 7,970 subjects selected from the baseline cohort, 41.88% (n = 3,338) had general obesity,
while 71.29% (n = 5,682) had central obesity. These individuals with either general obesity or central obesity were
clustered into four groups, respectively: (1) obesity with relatively healthier metabolites; (2) hyperuricemia subtype;
(3) hyperglycemia-insulin resistance subtype; and (4) the average subtype. The results indicated among people
with either general obesity or central obesity, those with high levels in HbA1c level and TyG index concurrently
demonstrated more severe adiposity issues and unhealthier cardio-metabolic profile.
Conclusions: This data-driven study identified a novel classification strategy to identify subtypes of the middle-aged
and elderly Chinese with general obesity and central obesity and classify their adiposity and cardio-metabolic profiles.
With clinically accessible metrics, this approach could inform precise risk stratification by revealing subtype-specific
heterogeneity during initial assessments.
How To Cite this Article
Xue, Y., Song, M., Ung, C.O.L. et al. Using unsupervised machine learning methods to cluster cardio-metabolic profile of the middle-aged and elderly Chinese with general and central obesity. BMC Cardiovasc Disord25, 772 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-05157-x
Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) accounts for coronary artery disease (CAD) –related morbidity and
mortality. There has been growing concern about the rising incidence of.....
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Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) accounts for coronary artery disease (CAD) –related morbidity and
mortality. There has been growing concern about the rising incidence of ACS among young individuals globally both
in developed and developing countries, including Sub-Saharan Africa. This group’s phenotypic characteristics; risk
factors and clinical outcomes are not well described. contextual and regional studies are necessary to understand
the magnitude of ACS among young Individuals and help highlight challenges and opportunities for improved
ACS outcomes in the region. The study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of young
individuals hospitalized with ACS and report on in-hospital outcomes.
Methodology: This single-center retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi.
Medical records of all young individuals hospitalized with ACS from 30th June 2020 to 1st May 2023 were reviewed.
We defined young individuals as 50 years or below. Categorical variables were reported as frequencies and
proportions, and compared with Pearson chi- square or Fisher’s exact tests. Continuous variables were reported as
means or medians and compared with independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. P- value < 0.05 was considered
statistically significant.
Results: Among 506 patients hospitalized with ACS, (n = 138,27.2%) were aged 50 years and below. The study
population was male (n = 107, 79.9%) and African(n = 82,61.2%) predominant with a median age of 46.5 years
(IQR 41.0–50.0). Hypertension (n = 101,75.4%) was noted in most study participants. More than half of the cohort
were smokers (n = 69,51.5%) having a family history of premature ASCVD(n = 70,52.2%) and were on lipid-lowering
therapy(n = 68,50.7%) prior to presentation. ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the most
common clinical manifestation of ACS (n = 77, 57.5%). Of the significant coronary artery disease (n = 75,56.0%),
the majority of the individuals had single vessel disease (n = 60, 80%) with a predilection of left anterior deciding
artery(n = 47,62.6%). The Main cause of ACS was atherosclerosis (n = 41,54.6%). The mean left ventricular ejection
fraction was 46.0 (± 12.4). The in-hospital mortality was (n = 2, 1.5%).
Conclusion: This study highlights that young individuals contribute to a relatively large proportion of patients
presenting with ACS at our center. The most common presentation was STEMI. The principal cause was
atherosclerosis. The findings of this study highlight the importance of developing systems of care that enable
the early detection of CAD. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were prevalent and modifiable, thus targets of
intervention.
How To Cite this Article
Kassam, N., Ngunga, M., Varwani, M., Msunza, M., & Jeilan, M. (2024). Acute coronary syndrome patterns in the Young: risk factor profile and in-hospital outcomes in a tertiary referral hospital in Kenya. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 192.
Authors: Sara Montazeri Namin, Ali Moradi, Hamed Tavolinejad, Ali Vasheghani-Farahani, Arash Jalali, Mina Pashang, Saeed Sadeghian, Jamshid Bagheri, Soheil Mansourian, Mehdi Mehrani
Abstract:
Background: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is shown to be an independent protective factor against
coronary artery diseases (CAD). Yet there are limited studies focusing on the.....
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Authors: Sara Montazeri Namin, Ali Moradi, Hamed Tavolinejad, Ali Vasheghani-Farahani, Arash Jalali, Mina Pashang, Saeed Sadeghian, Jamshid Bagheri, Soheil Mansourian, Mehdi Mehrani
Background: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is shown to be an independent protective factor against
coronary artery diseases (CAD). Yet there are limited studies focusing on the association between HDL-C and coronary
artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery outcomes.
Hypothesis: Low levels of HDL-C are associated with higher incidence of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing
CABG.
Methods: This registry-based study included 17,772 patients who underwent elective isolated CABG between
2007 and 2017. Patients were classified into low and desirable HDL-C groups based on their serum HDL-C levels at
admission and were followed for one-year post-surgery. The study population included 13,321 patients with low
HDL-C and 4,451 with desirable HDL-C. proportional hazard Cox models were performed to evaluate the association
between HDL-C levels and incidence of mortality as well as major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events
(MACCE), while adjusting for potential confounders. Moreover, participants were stratified based on sex and the
association was also investigated in each subgroup separately.
Results: No significant difference was found between the groups regarding incidence of both mortality and MACCE,
after adjusting with Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) [HR (95%CI): 0.84 (0.46–1.53), p-value:0.575 and HR (95% CI):
0.91 (0.56–1.50), p-value:0.733, respectively]. According to the sex-based subgroup analysis, no significant association
was observed after adjustment with IPW analysis. However, as we examined the association between the interaction
of HDL-C levels, sex and cardiovascular outcomes, we found a significant association (HR;1.19 (95%CI: 1.04–1.45);
p = 0.030)
Conclusion: HDL-C level was not associated with either mortality or MACCE during one year after CABG procedure.
Sex-based analysis showed that in males, HDL-C is significantly more protective against these outcomes, compared to
females. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanisms mediating such association.
How To Cite this Article
Montazeri Namin, S., Moradi, A., Tavolinejad, H., Vasheghani-Farahani, A., Jalali, A., Pashang, M., ... & Tajdini, M. (2024). Sex-based association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 194.
Authors: Sara Montazeri Namin, Ali Moradi, Hamed Tavolinejad, Ali Vasheghani-Farahani, Arash Jalali, Mina Pashang, Saeed Sadeghian, Jamshid Bagheri, Soheil Mansourian, Mehdi Mehrani
Account Details mentioned below: For Electronic Fund Transfer: (NEFT/RTGS)
Authors: Chunyu Zhang, Minghao Li, Lin Liu, Li Deng, Xie Yulei, Yi Zhong, Bin Liao, Lu Yu and Jian Feng
Abstract:
Background: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a novel marker of inflammation based on neutrophil,
platelet, and lymphocyte counts, has demonstrated potential prognostic value in patients undergoing.....
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Authors: Chunyu Zhang, Minghao Li, Lin Liu, Li Deng, Xie Yulei, Yi Zhong, Bin Liao, Lu Yu and Jian Feng
Background: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a novel marker of inflammation based on neutrophil,
platelet, and lymphocyte counts, has demonstrated potential prognostic value in patients undergoing percutaneous
coronary intervention (PCI). Our aim was to assess the correlation between the SII and major adverse cardiovascular
events following percutaneous coronary intervention.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library from inception to November
20, 2023, for cohort studies investigating the association between SII and the occurrence of MACEs after PCI. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.3, with risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as relevant
parameters.
Results: In our analysis, we incorporated a total of 8 studies involving 11,117 participants. Our findings revealed
that a high SII is independently linked to a increased risk of MACEs in PCI patients (RR: 2.08,95%CI: 1.87–2.32, I2 = 42%,
p < 0.00001). Additionally, we demonstrated the prognostic value of SII in all-cause mortality, heart failure, and nonfatal myocardial infarction.
Conclusions: Elevated SII may serve as a potential predictor for subsequent occurrence of MACEs in patients undergoing PCI.
Trial registration: Our protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024499676).
How To Cite this Article
Zhang, C., Li, M., Liu, L., Deng, L., Yulei, X., Zhong, Y., ... & Feng, J. (2024). Systemic immune-inflammation index as a novel predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 189.
Authors: Chunyu Zhang, Minghao Li, Lin Liu, Li Deng, Xie Yulei, Yi Zhong, Bin Liao, Lu Yu and Jian Feng
Abstract:
Background: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a novel marker of inflammation based on neutrophil,
platelet, and lymphocyte counts, has demonstrated potential prognostic value in patients undergoing.....
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Authors: Chunyu Zhang, Minghao Li, Lin Liu, Li Deng, Xie Yulei, Yi Zhong, Bin Liao, Lu Yu and Jian Feng
Background: The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), a novel marker of inflammation based on neutrophil,
platelet, and lymphocyte counts, has demonstrated potential prognostic value in patients undergoing percutaneous
coronary intervention (PCI). Our aim was to assess the correlation between the SII and major adverse cardiovascular
events following percutaneous coronary intervention.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library from inception to November
20, 2023, for cohort studies investigating the association between SII and the occurrence of MACEs after PCI. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.3, with risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as relevant
parameters.
Results: In our analysis, we incorporated a total of 8 studies involving 11,117 participants. Our findings revealed
that a high SII is independently linked to a increased risk of MACEs in PCI patients (RR: 2.08,95%CI: 1.87–2.32, I2 = 42%,
p < 0.00001). Additionally, we demonstrated the prognostic value of SII in all-cause mortality, heart failure, and nonfatal myocardial infarction.
Conclusions: Elevated SII may serve as a potential predictor for subsequent occurrence of MACEs in patients undergoing PCI.
Trial registration: Our protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024499676).
How To Cite this Article
Zhang, C., Li, M., Liu, L., Deng, L., Yulei, X., Zhong, Y., ... & Feng, J. (2024). Systemic immune-inflammation index as a novel predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 189.
Authors: Masih Tajdini, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Mina Pashang, Mana Jameie, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Saeed Sadeghian, Ali Vasheghani‑Farahani, Hamidreza Poorhosseini, Farzad Masoudkabir
Abstract:
Objectives: Using the cardiac surgery database is of high importance in referral centers and can lead to a better quality of care for patients. Tehran Heart.....
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Authors: Masih Tajdini, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Mina Pashang, Mana Jameie, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Saeed Sadeghian, Ali Vasheghani‑Farahani, Hamidreza Poorhosseini, Farzad Masoudkabir
Objectives: Using the cardiac surgery database is of high importance in referral centers and can lead to a better quality of care for patients. Tehran Heart Center (THC) is a cardiovascular referral center that was inaugurated in 2001. In
this report, we aimed to present the third report of trends in patients’ cardiovascular risk factors and surgical proce
dures from 2002 to 2021 that have been gathered for all THC patients.
Methods: This serial cross‑sectional study was conducted at Tehran Heart Center from 2002 to 2021. All patients
undergoing cardiac surgeries were eligible to enter the study (N = 63,974). Those with miscellaneous types of surger
ies were excluded (N = 9556). The distribution of cardiac surgeries (including isolated coronary artery bypass graft
(CABG), isolated valve, and CABG + valve surgeries) and their respective in‑hospital mortality were recorded. Further
more, 20‑year trends in the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among the following groups were
evaluated: a) isolated CABG, b) aortic valve replacement/repair for aortic stenosis (AS/AVR/r), and c) isolated other
valve surgeries (IVS).
Results: A total of 54,418 patients (male: 70.7%, age: 62.7 ± 10.8 years) comprised the final study population,
with 84.5% prevalence of isolated CABG. Overall, the AS/AVR/r group was in between the CABG and IVS groups
concerning CVRFs distribution. Excluding some exceptions for the AS/AVR/r group (in which the small sample size
(N = 909) precluded observing a clear trend), all studied CVRFs demonstrated an overall rising trend from 2002 to 2021
in all three groups. Regarding in‑hospital mortality, the highest rate was recorded as 4.0% in 2020, while the lowest
rate was 2.0% in 2001.
Conclusions: Isolated CABG remained the most frequent procedure in THC. Notable, increasing trends in CVRFs
were observed during this 20‑year period and across various types of cardiac surgeries, which highlights the clinical
and policy‑making implications of our findings.
How To Cite this Article
Tajdini, M., Behnoush, A. H., Pashang, M., Jameie, M., Khalaji, A., Sadeghian, S., ... & Karimi, A. (2024). Heart surgery over two decades: what we have learned about results and changing risks. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 195.
Authors: Masih Tajdini, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Mina Pashang, Mana Jameie, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Saeed Sadeghian, Ali Vasheghani‑Farahani, Hamidreza Poorhosseini, Farzad Masoudkabir
Account Details mentioned below: For Electronic Fund Transfer: (NEFT/RTGS)
Authors: Dylan J. Walter, Grace E. Bigham, Steven Lahti and Syed W. Haider
Abstract:
Background: Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) is a systemic vasculitis (SV) historically thought to spare the coronary arteries. Coronary angiography and contemporary imaging reveal coronary stenosis and dilation,.....
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Authors: Dylan J. Walter, Grace E. Bigham, Steven Lahti and Syed W. Haider
Background: Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) is a systemic vasculitis (SV) historically thought to spare the coronary arteries. Coronary angiography and contemporary imaging reveal coronary stenosis and dilation, which are associated
with significant morbidity and mortality. Coronary arteries in PAN are burdened with accelerated atherosclerosis
from generalized inflammation adding to an inherent arteritic process. Traditional atherosclerotic risk factors fail
to approximate risk. Few reports document coronary pathology and optimal therapy has been guarded.
Methods: Database publication query of English literature from 1990–2022.
Results: Severity of coronary involvement eludes laboratory monitoring, but coronary disease associates with several
clinical symptoms. Framingham risk factors inadequately approximate disease burden. Separating atherosclerosis
from arteritis requires advanced angiographic methods. Therapy includes anticoagulation, immunosuppression
and revascularization. PCI has been the mainstay, though stenting is confounded by vagarious alteration in luminal
diameter and reports of neointimization soon after placement.
Conclusions: When graft selection avoids the vascular territory of SV’s, CABG offers definitive therapy. We have
contributed report of a novel CABG configuration in addition to reviewing, updating and discussing the literature.
Accumulating evidence suggests discrete clinical symptoms warrant suspicion for coronary involvement.
Highlights:
- Polyarteritis Nodosa causes coronary arteritis, commonly in asymptomatic patients
-Angiography with Optical Coherence Tomography or ultrasound differentiates the disease
- Laboratory monitoring does not correlate with coronary severity
- Coronary involvement is associated with abdominal pain, new hypertension and young age
- Standard atherosclerotic risk factors do not associate with coronary involvement
- PCI is complicated by arterial stenosis adjacent to dilation and rapid neo-intimal expansion
- CABG offers definitive therapy, though selection of graft material is complex
How To Cite this Article
Walter, D. J., Bigham, G. E., Lahti, S., & Haider, S. W. (2024). Shifting perspectives in coronary involvement of polyarteritis nodosa: case of 3-vessel occlusion treated with 4-vessel CABG and review of literature. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 190.
Authors: Haiyan Xue, Lan Wang, Yuliang Ma and Chang Hou
Abstract:
The anticancer drug of tyrosine kinase-inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with
specific leukemia but has also increased the risk of organ adverse reactions......
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Authors: Haiyan Xue, Lan Wang, Yuliang Ma and Chang Hou
The anticancer drug of tyrosine kinase-inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with
specific leukemia but has also increased the risk of organ adverse reactions. Herein, we present a case of a patient
diagnosed with myeloproliferative neoplasms who experienced recurrent chest pain after receiving treatment with
Olverembatinib. Electrocardiography and coronary angiography confirmed the diagnosis of myocardial infarction
with non-obstructive coronary arteries. This case serves as a reminder for clinicians to pay more attention and
actively prevent the cardiac adverse reactions of TKIs when using such medications.
How To Cite this Article
Xue, H., Wang, L., Ma, Y., & Hou, C. (2024). Pharmacotherapy and cardiovascular challenges: a case report of olverembatinib-induced myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders,24(1), 332.
Authors: Yun-Hu Chen, Xing-Yu Zhu, Li-Hua Fan and Hong-Feng Xu
Abstract:
Background: Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) exhibit clinical features similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS),
including electrocardiographic abnormalities and elevated troponin levels, which frequently.....
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Authors: Yun-Hu Chen, Xing-Yu Zhu, Li-Hua Fan and Hong-Feng Xu
Background: Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) exhibit clinical features similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS),
including electrocardiographic abnormalities and elevated troponin levels, which frequently lead to misdiagnoses in
emergency situations.
Case presentation: Here, we report a case of PE coinciding with chronic coronary syndrome in which the patient’s
condition was obscured by symptoms mimicking ACS. A 68-year-old female with syncope presented to the hospital.
Upon admission, she was found to have elevated troponin levels and an electrocardiogram showing ST-segment
changes across multiple leads, which initially led to a diagnosis of ACS. Emergency coronary arteriography revealed
occlusion of the posterior branches of the left ventricle of the right coronary artery, but based on the complexity of
the intervention, the occlusion was considered chronic rather than acute. On the 3rd day after admission, the patient
experienced recurrent chest tightness and shortness of breath, which was confirmed as acute PE by emergency
computed tomography pulmonary angiography. Following standardized anticoagulation treatment, the patient
improved and was subsequently discharged.
Conclusions: This case report highlights the importance of recognizing the nonspecific features of PE. Clinicians
should be vigilant when identifying other clinical features that are difficult to explain accompanying the expected
disease, and it is necessary to carefully identify the causes to prevent missed diagnoses or misdiagnoses.
How To Cite this Article
Chen, Y. H., Zhu, X. Y., Fan, L. H., & Xu, H. F. (2024). Pulmonary embolism in patients with chronic coronary syndrome masquerading as acute coronary syndrome: a case report and literature review. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 24(1), 331.
Authors: Lei Bi, Yu Geng, Yintang Wang, Siyuan Li, Kuogen Sun, Yiqi Guo, Ou Zhang and Ping Zhang
Abstract:
Background: The efficacy of optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without revascularization therapy in patients
with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) remains controversial. We performed a.....
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Authors: Lei Bi, Yu Geng, Yintang Wang, Siyuan Li, Kuogen Sun, Yiqi Guo, Ou Zhang and Ping Zhang
Background: The efficacy of optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without revascularization therapy in patients
with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) that compared OMT with or without revascularization therapy for SCAD patients.
Methods: Studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials from
January 1, 2005, to December 30, 2023. The main efficacy outcome was a composite of all-cause death, myocadiac
infarction, revascularization, and cerebrovascular accident. Results were pooled using random effects model and fixed
effects model and are presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Ten studies involving 12,790 participants were included. The arm of OMT with revascularization compared
with OMT alone was associated with decreased risks for MACCE (OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.38–0.80], I²=93%, P = 0.002), CV
death (OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.73–0.97], I²=36%, P = 0.02), revascularization (OR 0.32 [95% CI 0.20–0.50], I²=92%, P < 0.001),
and MI (OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.76–0.96], I²=45%, P = 0.007). While there was no significant difference between OMT with
revascularization and OMT alone in the odds of all-cause death (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.84–1.05], I²=0%, P = 0.30).
Conclusions: The current updated meta-analysis of 10 RCTs shows that in patients with SCAD, OMT with
revascularization would reduce the risk for MACCE, cardiovascular death, and MI. However, the invasive strategy does
not decrease the risks for all-cause mortality when comparing with OMT alone.
How To Cite this Article
Bi, L., Geng, Y., Wang, Y. et al. An updated meta-analysis of optimal medical therapy with or without invasive therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 24, 335 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-024-03997-7
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